![]() When HCl and $C$ hybrid orbital on each carbon atom overlaps with the s -orbital of hydrogen to form 6 sigma C–H bonds. Thus, methyl and chlorine free radicals set up a chain reaction. The above methyl radicals then react with chlorine molecules to form methyl chloride along with the liberation of a chlorine free radical. In this step, chlorine free radicals formed in the prior step abstracts a hydrogen atom from methane to generate methyl radicals as The reaction begins with the homolytic bond cleavage within Cl – Cl bond that results in the formation of chlorine free radicals as How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?Ĭhlorination of methane proceeds by free radical chain mechanism which involves three steps as follows: Heterocyclic compounds are cyclic compounds in which the ring atoms are carbon and another element (for example, N, S, or O).Īlkanes are the most basic organic molecules, consisting just of carbon and hydrogen.ġ. The important points that students can learn from NCERT Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 13 are given below:Ī hydrocarbon is a carbon and hydrogen-based molecule.Īromatic chemicals include benzene and its derivatives.Īlicyclic or carbocyclic chemicals are cyclic molecules that contain just carbon atoms. Let us look at the Topics and Subtopics of Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 13 - Hydrocarbonsĭirective Influence Of A Functional Group In Monosubstituted Benzene ![]()
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